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Abstract #1476

Alternative neurodevelopmental pathways in the structural connectome of adults born preterm

Maximilian Tak-sui Li1, Winok Lapidaire1,2, Chris A. Clark1, and Jonathan D. Clayden1
1University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

Synopsis

Keywords: Structural Connectivity, Neuroscience, Prematurity

Motivation: Prematurity is associated with heterogeneous cognitive outcomes. How connectomes developed for cognitive functioning remains unclear for preterm adults.

Goal(s): To investigate the developmental trajectories in adults born preterm of different cognitive outcome.

Approach: This study uses unsupervised learning algorithms to define a subgroup of preterm-born adults with generally reduced cognitive function and compared their network properties with control and cognitively higher-performing preterm-born participants.

Results: Significant differences were observed in network measures, including increased global efficiency and clustering coefficient in the higher-performing group, and increased betweenness centrality in the lower-performing group. This stratification cannot be explained by birth weight, gestation age or nutritional history.

Impact: This study suggests compensatory mechanisms leading to a divergent state of structural connectome i.e. 2 or more optimal states of network topologies achieving the same cognitive ability in adults born preterm.

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