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Abstract #3208

Vendor-agnostic, open-source 4D flow

Marta Brigid Maggioni1,2, Sabine Melanie Räuber1,2, and Francesco Santini1,2
1Basel Muscle MRI (BAMM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland, 2Radiological Physics, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Synopsis

Keywords: Pulse Sequence Design, Flow, Pypulseq

Motivation: The need for a vendor-independent 4D flow MRI sequence to aid in multi-center based investigation of rare diseases.

Goal(s): To develop and validate both an open-source 4D flow MRI sequence and a gradient-probing sequence to map gradient directions to physical coordinates.

Approach: A photoplethysmogram-triggered 4D flow sequence and a gradient probing sequence (to map gradient direction to physical coordinates) were implemented in Pypulseq. Both were tested on a 3T Siemens Prisma, with in vivo validation on two healthy subjects.

Results: The 4D flow sequence's z-axis velocity measurements in the popliteal artery matched a vendor-provided sequence, validating its potential for muscle stimulation studies.

Impact: This work provides open-source, vendor-agnostic implementations of 4D flow and gradient probing sequences. The latter enables mapping of gradient directionality, crucial to accurately interpret results. Together, they represent a building block towards a reproducible dynamic imaging protocol for skeletal muscles.

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