Abstract #3590

9.4T MRI-derived Myelin Water Fraction in post-mortem brain supports the identification of active remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis

Ilaria Callegari¹, Dimitrios Gkotsoulias¹, Jochen Leupold², Erik Bahn³, Jonas Franz³, Bibek Dhital⁴, Dominik von Elverfeldt², Valerij Kiselev², Matthias Weigel¹, Christine Stadelmann ³, and Cristina Granziera¹

¹Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Basel, Switzerland, ²Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Division of Medical Physics, Freiburg, Germany, ³University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Neuropathology, Göttingen, Germany, ⁴Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Translational Imaging in Neurology Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Synopsis

Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis, remyelination

Motivation: identifying remyelination in MS is essential for understanding its underlying biological processes, and developing new regenerative treatments.

Goal(s): to assess spatial association between ultra-high-resolution Myelin Water Fraction (MWF) and tissue histology during remyelination.

Approach: MWF was derived based on multi-Echo-T2-w MRI at 9.4T on four post-mortem brain blocks. Potential remyelination was identified through immunohistochemistry (IHC) by staining myelin basic protein (MBP) and actively remyelinating oligodendrocytes (BCAS1+). Changes in MWF were then compared with the corresponding IHC.

Results: increased MWF signal was observed in the ROIs of remyelination . In one actively remyelinating cortical lesion, an increased MWF signal colocalized with actively remyelinating BCAS1+ oligodendrocytes.

Impact: An unprecedented MWF with ultra-high spatial resolution obtained in post-mortem brain blocks imaged 9.4T MRI enabled the detection of ongoing remyelination at an almost cellular level, opening a new window into repair mechanisms in MS.

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