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Abstract #5170

Td-dMRI for early predicting pCR to neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy followed by camrelizumab and chemotherapy in LARC

Lan Zhang1, Ziwei Jin1, Peng Sun2, Si Xu1, and Xin Li1
1Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Synopsis

Keywords: Treatment Response, Other Diffusion Models, OGSE

Motivation: pCR assessment for immunotherapy is challenging for radiologists.

Goal(s): To investigate the feasibility of time-dependent diffusion MRI (td-dMRI) in early predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy followed by camrelizumab and chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Approach: td-dMRI data were fitted with a two-compartment model to estimate cell diameter (d), intracellular volume fraction (fin), cellularity, extracellular diffusivities (Dex). Histogram of the microstructural parameters of td-dMRI were calculated. ROC curves were generated to evaluate the power of prediction for pCR.

Results: For predicting pCR, the post-D17Hz-ske and post-dske were finally entered into the prediction model, with the AUC of 0.947.

Impact: Time-dependent diffusion MRI has potential in characterizing changes of cellular tissue microstructures after short-course radiotherapy and then predicting pCR to neoadjuvant treatment including immunotherapy, which may promote the clinical application of immunotherapy in LARC.

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Keywords